Kaun Kise Khaata Hai? 🍽️
Ghaas ko hiran khaata hai. Hiran ko sher khaata hai. Isi khaane-khaane ki kadi ko food chain kehte hain.
📌 Food chain = jeevon ki wo kadi jisme har jeev
agle ka khaana banta hai — aur isi tarah energy ek se doosre tak
pahunchti hai.
Har kadi (step) ko trophic level (nutrition star) kehte hain.
⚠️ Food chain hamesha producer se shuru hoti hai — kyunki wahi ek hai jo
sooraj se energy le sakta hai.
⚠️ Sabse aam galti — teer ki disha:
Teer hamesha khaaye jaane wale se khaane wale ki taraf jaata hai.
Ghaas → Hiran → Sher
Log ulta likh dete hain (sher → hiran) kyunki lagta hai "sher hiran ko khaata hai". Par teer
khaane ki disha nahi, ENERGY ke bahne ki disha dikhata hai. Aur
energy ghaas se hiran mein jaati hai.
📊 Trophic Levels — Kaun Kis Star Par
| Trophic level | Naam | Kaun | Udaharan |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Producer | Hare paudhe | Ghaas, gehun, kaai, pedh |
| 2 | Primary consumer | Herbivore | Hiran, gaay, tiddi, khargosh |
| 3 | Secondary consumer | Chhota carnivore | Mendhak, saanp, chhoti machhli |
| 4 | Tertiary consumer | Bada carnivore | Sher, bagula, baaz |
Khet wali:
Gehun 🌾 → Tiddi 🦗 → Mendhak 🐸 → Saanp 🐍 → Baaz 🦅
Talab wali:
Kaai (algae) 🟢 → Chhoti machhli 🐟 → Badi machhli 🐠 → Bagula 🐦
Jungle wali:
Ghaas 🌿 → Hiran 🦌 → Sher 🐅
Registan wali:
Cactus 🌵 → Kida 🐛 → Chhipkali 🦎 → Saanp 🐍
💡 Dhyaan do: har chain producer se shuru hoti hai, aur har chain mein sirf
3 se 5 level hote hain. Agle lesson mein pata chalega ki
kyun zyada nahi ho sakte.
🕸️ Food Web — Asli Jungle Ka Sach
Ab ek sawaal: kya sher sirf hiran khaata hai? Aur kya hiran ko sirf sher khaata hai?
Bilkul nahi! Sher jungli suar bhi khaata hai, nilgai bhi. Aur hiran ko tendua bhi khaata hai, jungli kutte bhi. Asli prakriti mein seedhi chain nahi, ek poora JAAL hota hai.
📌 Food web = bahut saari food chains jo aapas mein
judi hoti hain.
Har jeev aksar kai cheezein khaata hai, aur use bhi kai khaate
hain. Isliye prakriti mein ek jaal banta hai.
🎯 Food web itna zaroori kyun hai?
Kyunki wo ecosystem ko mazboot banata hai.
🔗 Seedhi chain mein: agar hiran khatam ho gaye, toh sher bhookha mar
jaayega — poori chain toot gayi.
🕸️ Web mein: agar chooha khatam ho gaya, toh saanp
mendhak khaakar zinda reh sakta hai. Web mein
vikalp (options) hote hain.
Isiliye jitni zyada variation (biodiversity), utna mazboot ecosystem.
Maan lo kisi gaon mein log saanp maar dete hain, ye sochkar ki wo khatarnaak
hain.
Kya hoga? Saanp choohe khaate the. Ab koi khaane wala nahi bacha —
choohon ki ginti tezi se badhegi.
Aur choohe kya karenge? Khet ka anaaj khaayenge aur
gharon mein ghusenge. Fasal barbaad, aur bimariyan alag.
Yani saanp ko maar kar gaon ne apna hi nuksaan kar liya. Isiliye kehte hain ki
saanp kisan ka dost hai — aur ye sirf kahaawat nahi, seedha ecology ka niyam
hai.
Bharat mein iska sabse bada aur dukhad udaharan hai — giddh (vultures).
1990 ke dashak tak bharat mein karodon giddh the. Wo mare hue jaanwaron ka maans
khaakar prakritik safai ka kaam karte the — ek tarah ke
scavenger.
Phir pashuon ko ek dard ki dawa diclofenac di jaane lagi. Jab giddh un mare hue
pashuon ko khaate, toh wo dawa unke gurde kharab kar deti. Nateeja:
lagbhag 99% giddh khatam ho gaye — duniya ki sabse tez pakshi giravat.
Asar kya hua? Mare hue pashu ab pade rehne lage, jisse
aawara kutton ki ginti bahut badh gayi — aur uske saath
rabies ke maamle bhi.
Bharat ne 2006 mein diclofenac ke pashu istemaal par rok laga di, aur ab
vulture breeding centre chal rahe hain. Par ek chhoti si dawa se ek poore web ko
kitna nuksaan hua — ye humesha yaad rakhne laayak hai.
🧠 Apne Aap Ko Test Karo
🕸️ Food Web Builder mein ek jeev hatao aur dekho kaun bhookha marta hai!
Open Food Web Builder →