Chammach mein aapka ulta chehra, paani mein tedhi dikhti pencil, chashme ka kaanch — sab ek hi cheez se samajh mein aa jaata hai: roshni mudti kaise hai.
6 detailed lessons (poore hal kiye hue numericals ke saath), ek 3D Optical Bench, Ray (kiran) Diagram builder, Refraction (apvartan) explorer aur Numerical trainer — sab easy Roman Hindi mein.
Reflection (paraavartan) ke do niyam, plane mirror (samtal darpan) ka image, aur lateral inversion.
Concave (avatal) aur convex (uttal), pole (dhruv)-focus-centre, ray rules aur chhe positions ke image.
Object ko principal axis par khisakao aur asli rays ko mudte dekho — image banta hai, palat'ta hai, chhota-bada hota hai, sab live. Concave/convex mirror aur convex/concave lens, chaaron ek hi bench par!
Sign convention, 1/v + 1/u = 1/f, aur poore hal kiye hue numericals.
Mirror ya lens chuno, object ki jagah khisakao — aur har construction ray ko ek-ek karke banta dekho, saath mein uska niyam bhi.
Roshni mudti kyun hai, Snell ka niyam, refractive index (apvartanank) aur kaanch ki silli.
Ray ko drag karo aur dekho kaise mudti hai. Critical angle (kraantik kon) paar karo aur Total Internal Reflection hote dekho — wahi jisse optical fibre chalta hai.
Lens ke hisse, ray rules, aur alag-alag positions par image ki banawat.
1/v − 1/u = 1/f, m = v/u, power (dioptre), aur bahut saare numericals.
Sawaal par sawaal — mirror aur lens dono ke. Har step par sign convention ki jaanch, aur galti par poora hal saamne.